Dr. Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed

Associate Professor
Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Egypt

Highest Degree
Ph.D. in Optical Communication Systems from Menoufiya University, Egypt

My URL
https://livedna.org/20.17235

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Biography

Assoc. Prof. Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed was born in Menouf city, Menoufia State, Egypt country in 23 July 1976. Received the B.Sc., M.Sc., and Ph.D. scientific degrees in the Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Department from Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University in 1999, 2005, and 2010 respectively. Currently, his job carrier is a scientific lecturer in Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Department, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia university, Menouf. Postal Menouf city code: 32951, EGYPT. His scientific master science thesis has focused on polymer fibers in optical access communication systems. Moreover, his scientific Ph. D. thesis has focused on recent applications in linear or nonlinear passive or active in optical networks. His interesting research mainly focuses on transmission capacity, a data rate product and long transmission distances of passive and active optical communication networks, wireless communication, radio over fiber communication systems, and optical network security and management. He has published more than 228 published scientific papers in international journals and conferences. He has published many high scientific research papers in high quality and technical international journals in the field of advanced communication systems, optoelectronic devices, and passive optical access communication networks. His areas of interest and experience in optical communication systems advanced optical communication networks, wireless optical access networks, analog communication systems, optical filters and Sensors. As well as he is editorial board member in high academic scientific International research Journals. Moreover, he is a reviewer member in high impact scientific research international journals in the field of electronics, electrical communication systems, optoelectronics, information technology and advanced optical communication systems and networks.

Area of Interest:

Computer Sciences
Optical Communication
Systems Performance
High Speed Network
Security

Selected Publications

  1. Rashed, A.N.Z., S.S. Kumar, M.S.F. Tabbour, T.V.P. Sundararajan and R. Maheswar, 2019. Different graded refractive index fiber profiles design for the control of losses and dispersion effects. J. Opt. Commun., 10.1515/joc-2019-0036.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  2. Rashed, A.N.Z., M.S.F. Tabbour and P. Vijayakumari, 2019. Numerical analysis of optical properties using octagonal shaped photonic crystal fiber. J. Opt. Commun., 10.1515/joc-2019-0013.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  3. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2019. Comparison between NRZ/RZ modulation techniques for upgrading long haul optical wireless communication systems. J. Opt. Commun., 10.1515/joc-2019-0038.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  4. Kumar, K.V., S. Prithi, R. Maheswar, A.N.Z. Rashed and M.S.F. Tabbour, 2019. Transmittivity/reflectivity, bandwidth, and ripple factor level measurement for different refractive index fiber grating shape profiles. J. Opt. Commun., 10.1515/joc-2018-0233.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  5. Kumar, K.V., P.V. Kumar, A.N.Z. Rashed, A. El–Naser A. Mohamed, M.S. Tabbour and M. El-Assar, 2019. DWDM channel spacing effects on the signal quality for DWDM/CWDM FTTx network. J. Opt. Commun., /10.1515/joc-2019-0012.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  6. Rashed, A.N.Z., M.S.F. Tabbour and S. El-Meadawy, 2018. Optimum flat gain with optical amplification technique based on both gain flattening filters and fiber bragg grating methods. J. Nanoelect. Optoelect., 13: 665-676.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  7. Rashed, A.N.Z., H.M.A. Kader, A.A. Al-Awamry and I.A.A. El-Aziz, 2018. Transmission performance simulation study evaluation for high speed radio over fiber communication systems. Wireless Personal Commun., 103: 1765-1779.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  8. Rashed, A.N.Z. and M.S.F. Tabbour, 2018. The trade off between different modulation schemes for maximum long reach high data transmission capacity optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OOFDM). Wireless Personal Commun., 101: 325-337.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  9. Rashed, A.N.Z. and M.S.F. Tabbour, 2018. Best candidate integrated technology for low‐noise, high‐speed and wide bandwidth‐based transimpedance amplifiers in optical computing systems and optical fiber applications. Int. J. Commun. Syst., Vol. 31. 10.1002/dac.3801.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  10. Mohamed, S.E.D.N., A.E.N.A. Mohamed, F.E.A. El-Samie and A.N.Z. Rashed, 2018. Performance enhancement of IM/DD optical wireless systems. Photonic Network Commun., 36: 114-127.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  11. Mohamed, S.E.D.N., A.E.N.A. Mohamed, F.E. Abd El-Samie and A.N.Z. Rashed, 2018. Performance enhancement for unipolar OFDMbased optical wireless communication systems. Menoufia J. Elect. Eng. Res., 27: 151-174.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  12. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohamed, M.S. Tabbour and A.M. Ismail, 2017. Performance improvement for 16×40 Gb/s DWDM system using Non Return to Zero (NRZ), Return-to Zero (RZ) and Modified Duo Binary RZ (MD-RZ) modulation formats. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. Elect. Eng., 6: 11-18.

  13. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohamed, H.A. Sharshar, M.S. Tabour and A. El-Sherbeny, 2017. Optical cross connect performance enhancement in optical ring metro network for extended number of users and different bit rates employment. Wireless Personal Commun., 94: 927-947.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  14. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohamed and S. El-Meadawy, 2017. Bidirectional amplification technique and acoustooptic filter for upgrading ultra-high capacity optical transmission systems. Menoufia J. Elect. Eng. Res., 26: 37-52.
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  15. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.A. Mohammed, H.A. Sharshar and A.M. El-Eraki, 2017. Fast routing algorithm in optical multistage interconnection networks using fast window method. Int. J. Adv. Res. Elect. Commun. Eng., 6: 37-43.

  16. Rashed, A.N.Z. and M.S.F. Tabbour, 2017. Suitable optical fiber communication channel for optical nonlinearity signal processing in high optical data rate systems. Wireless Personal Commun., 97: 397-416.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  17. Mostafa, S., A.E.N.A. Mohamed, F.E.A. El-Samie and A.N.Z. Rashed, 2017. Performance evaluation of SAC-OCDMA system in free space optics and optical fiber system based on different types of codes. Wireless Personal Commun., 96: 2843-2861.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  18. Mohamed, A.E.N.A., A.N.Z. Rashed, M.S. Tabbour and M. El-assar, 2017. Effect of DWDM channel spacing on the signal quality for DWDM/CWDM FTTx network. Menoufia J. Elect. Eng. Res., 26: 351-366.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  19. Rashed, A.N.Z., I.M. El-Dokany, A.E.N.A. Mohamed and S. El-Tahan, 2016. Optical preamplifier and inline amplifiers comparison based Raman-EDFA hybrid amplifiers in 40 × 10 Gb/s DWDM system. Minufiya J. Electron. Eng. Res., 25: 147-160.

  20. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A.E.G. Mohamed, S.A.E.R.S. Hanafy and M.H. Aly, 2016. A comparative study of the performance of graded index perfluorinated plastic and alumino silicate optical fibers in internal optical interconnections. Optik-Int. J. Light Electron Opt., 127: 9259-9263.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  21. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohamed, M.S.F. Tabbour and A.M. Ismail, 2016. Enhancement of the Radio Over Fiber (ROF) communication systems using WDM with modified Differential Phase Shift Keying (DPSK) techniques. Minufiya J. Electron. Eng. Res., 25: 135-146.

  22. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohamed, M.S. Tabbour and S. El-Meadawy, 2016. Different pumping categories of erbium doped fiber amplifiers performance signature with both wide multiplexing and modulation techniques. Int. J. Sci. Eng. Technol. Res., 5: 622-642.
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  23. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohamed, H.A. Sharshar and E.S. El-Dien, 2016. Optical wireless transmitting communications based satellite orbit to orbit communication systems enhancement with EDFA amplifiers. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. Electron. Eng., 5: 97-104.
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  24. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2016. Design considerations for electro-optic absorption modulators in optical fiber transmission systems. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Eng. Technol., 5: 894-902.
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  25. Elshamy, A.M., F.E.A. El-Samie, O.S. Faragallah, E.M. Elshamy and H.S. El-Sayed et al., 2016. Optical image cryptosystem using double random phase encoding and Arnold's Cat map. Opt. Quant. Electron., Vol. 48, No. 3. 10.1007/s11082-016-0461-x.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  26. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohammed and F.M.A.M. Houssien, 2015. Optical signal processing through efficient electro optic modulators in advanced optical communication networks under thermo-optic effects. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. Electron. Eng., 4: 8-21.
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  27. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohammed and F.M.A.M. Houssien, 2015. Dramatic effects of temperature variations on signal quality and cost budget through different optical indoor and local area smart home networks applications. Int. J. Adv. Res. Electron. Commun. Eng., 4: 1955-1965.
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  28. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohamed, M.S.F. Tabbour and N.M.S. Saad, 2015. Different CMOS nano technology size for enhancement of transimpedance amplifier performance operation efficiency. Int. J. Adv. Res. Electron. Commun. Eng., 4: 2187-2193.
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  29. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohamed and A.S. Abdo, 2015. Optical interference filters transmission performance efficiency under temperature variations effects. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. Electron. Eng., 4: 40-47.
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  30. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.A. Kotb, O.M.I. Elshazly, A.B. Ali and I.A.S.M. Khattab et al., 2015. Integrated services with smart home control systems applications. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Eng. Technol., 4: 938-942.
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  31. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2015. Performance analysis and estimated power penalty for different Graded Index Polymer Optical Fibers (GIPOFs) in optical communication networks. Int. J. Eng. Assoc., 4: 4-16.
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  32. Mostafa, S., A.E.N.A. Mohamed, F.E.A. El-Samie and A.N.Z. Rashed, 2015. Performance analysis of Diagonal Eigenvalue Unity (DEU) code using NAND subtraction and spectral direct detection techniques and its use with triple-play-services in SAC-OCDMA. Wireless Personal Commun., 85: 1831-1849.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  33. Mostafa, S., A.E.N.A. Mohamed, F.E.A. El-Samie and A.N.Z. Rashed, 2015. Eradication of multiple access interference using a modified multi-service code for SAC-OCDMA. Wireless Personal Commun., 83: 855-872.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  34. Rashed, A.N.Z., M.H. Aly, A.E.N.A. Mohamed and S.A.S. Hanafy, 2014. Gb/s transmission data rates over graded index plastic optical fibers in short distance applications. Int. J. Sci. Eng. Technol. Res., 3: 1186-1197.

  35. Rashed, A.N.Z., M.A. Bakheet, M.A.E. Rashed and M.M. Hassan, 2014. Vehicle position and its range determination based on GPS and GSM communication system with android application. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. Electron. Eng., 3: 198-201.
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  36. Rashed, A.N.Z., I.M. El-Dokany, A.E.N.A. Mohamed and S. El-Tahan, 2014. All optical signal processing of optical fiber Raman amplifiers in advanced photonic communications engineering. J. Telecommun., 25: 12-20.

  37. Rashed, A.N.Z., H.A. Sharshar and H. Abd El-Hamid, 2014. Transmission characteristics and design considerations of different acousto-optic modulators in optical transmission communication systems. Int. J. Adv. Res. Electron. Commun. Eng., 3: 770-785.
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  38. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohamed, M.S.F. Tabbour, and M.M.S. Azar, 2014. Thermal penalty and sensitivity effects on the optical bit rate transmission networks. Int. J. Sci. Eng. Technol. Res., 3: 2267-2274.
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  39. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohamed, M.S.F. Tabbour and M.M.S. Azar, 2014. Effects of the temperature and pressure on the guided wave and unguided wave bit rate under the surface of the submarine optical communication systems. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. Electron. Eng., 3: 273-286.
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  40. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohamed, M.S.F. Tabbour and A.B. El-Sherbeny, 2014. Crosstalk impact and performance evaluation of optical cross connects in different transparent wavelength division multiplexed optical transport networks. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. Electron. Eng., 3: 178-192.
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  41. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohamed, H.A. Sharshar and E.S. El-Dien, 2014. Laser atmospheric transmission limitations in optical wireless communication systems based on different transmission levels for short and local areas network applications. Int. J. Sci. Eng. Technol. Res., 3: 2837-2846.
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  42. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohamed and M.A. Metawe'e, 2014. New trends of transmission capacity evaluation of submarine fiber cable systems with different ultra-high multiplexing, amplification and propagation techniques. Arabian J. Sci. Eng., 39: 945-956.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  43. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohamed and E.S. El-Dien, 2014. Deep analytical study of free space and under water optical wireless communication systems performance parameters estimation. Int. J. Sci. Eng. Technol. Res., 3: 2821-2836.
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  44. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohamed and A. El-Shamy, 2014. Secure optical communications utilizing with digital encryption improvement by optical encryption technique. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. Electron. Eng., 3: 18-23.
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  45. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.A. Mohammed and O.M.A. Dardeer, 2014. Performance evaluation of a WDM/OCDM based hybrid optical switch utilizing efficient resource allocation. Chin. Opt. Lett., Vol. 12, No. 5. .
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  46. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2014. Speed of operation estimation and transmission performance efficiency of different optical laser sources under thermal effects and different doping levels. Int. J. Eng. Assoc., 3: 1800-1811.
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  47. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2014. Optical network management and its performance evaluation for both future cost planning and triple play solutions. Wireless Personal Commun., 75: 2005-2020.
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  48. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2014. Optical laser sources selection criteria for high transmission capacity free space optical communications and eye safety through atmospheric conditions. Int. J. Adv. Eng. Res. Sci., 1: 56-67.
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  49. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2014. Optical and electrical interconnection networks and its performance considerations in advanced computing systems. Int. J. Adv. Res. Electron. Commun. Eng., 3: 8-18.

  50. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2014. High speed transmission performance operation efficiency of optical dichronic communication filters. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Eng. Technol., 3: 642-654.

  51. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2014. High efficiency wireless optical links in high transmission speed wireless optical communication networks. Int. J. Commun. Syst., 27: 3416-3429.
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  52. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2014. Dramatic effects on conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells under very high temperature variations. Int. J. Eng. Assoc., 3: 17-24.
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  53. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2014. All optical micro electrical mechanical switching systems losses analysis. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. Electron. Eng., 3: 367-374.
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  54. Rashed, A.N.Z. and O.A. Oraby, 2014. Theoretical modeling investigation and numerical simulation of optical dipole antennas in different optical transmission regions. Int. J. Adv. Res. Electron. Commun. Eng., 3: 99-115.
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  55. Rashed, A.N.Z. and M.S.F. Tabbour, 2014. Dramatic atmospheric turbulence effects on Submarine Laser Communication Systems (SLCS) and Free Space Optics (FSO). Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Eng. Technol., 3: 655-666.
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  56. Rashed, A.N.Z. and M.A. Metwae'e, 2014. Optical filters dimensions and thermal operation conditions impact on its transmission considerations in Near Infrared (NIR) optical spectrum transmission region. Optoelectron. Adv. Mater. J.-Rapid Commun., 8: 175-184.
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  57. Rashed, A.N.Z. and M.A. Metwae'e, 2014. Maximum stabilization system operation control with second order short pass optical filters and filter transient time response analysis. Int. J. Adv. Res. Electron. Commun. Eng., 3: 535-548.

  58. Rashed, A.N.Z. and M.A. Metwae'e, 2014. Different atmospheric turblence levels and noise effects on signal transmission efficiency in terrestrial free space optical communication networks. Int. J. Adv. Res. Electron. Commun. Eng., 3: 377-390.
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  59. Rashed, A.N.Z. and H.A. Sharshar, 2014. Error probability and laser beam propagation analysis in local area optical wireless communication networks using pulse position modulation technique under atmospheric turbulence effects. Int. J. Adv. Res. Electron. Commun. Eng., 3: 261-272.
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  60. Rashed, A.N.Z. and H.A. Sharshar, 2014. Deep analytical study of optical wireless communication systems performance efficiency using different modulation techniques in turbulence communication channels. Int. J. Adv. Res. Electron. Commun. Eng., 3: 246-260.
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  61. Rashed, A.N.Z., M.M. Zahra, M. Yassin, I.A. Abd El-Aziz and S. El-Behiry, 2013. Transmission analysis of Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) communication systems in the presence of noise in local area network applications. Int. J. Basic Applied Sci., 1: 745-762.
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  62. Rashed, A.N.Z., M.M. Zahra, M. Yassin, I.A. Abd El-Aziz and S. El-Behiry, 2013. Optical code division multiple access performance signature over multimode optical fiber transmission systems. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. Electron. Eng., 2: 260-269.
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  63. Rashed, A.N.Z., M.M. Zahra, M. Yassin and I.A. Abd El-Aziz, 2013. Performance evaluation of optical code division multiple access in optical transmission communication systems. Can. J. Electr. Electron. Eng., 4: 29-39.

  64. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohammed, O.S. Fragallah and M.G. El-Abyad, 2013. Efficient routing and wavelength division multiplexing conversion with different link capabilities and optical paths in trans-Egypt communication networks. Int. J. Adv. Res. Electron. Commun. Eng., 2: 909-925.
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  65. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohammed and O.M.A. Dardeer, 2013. An accurate model for optical burst switching core node equipped with wavelength converter pool. Int. J. Adv. Res. Electron. Commun. Eng., 2: 838-845.
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  66. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohammed and O.M. Dardeer, 2013. Offset time management for fairness improvement and blocking probability reduction in optical burst switched networks. Int. J. Adv. Res. Electron. Commun. Eng., 2: 846-857.
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  67. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohammed and H. Abd El-Hamid, 2013. High Light intensity and fast modulation speed of acousto optic modulators for high diffraction efficiency applications. Int. J. Rev. Electron. Commun. Eng., 1: 52-63.

  68. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohamed, I.I. Mahmoud, M.S. El_Tokhy and O.H. Elgzar, 2013. Modeling of radiation induced luminescence and how to reduce cherenkov effect in optical fibers. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Eng. Technol., 2: 2655-2660.
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  69. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohamed, I.I. Mahmoud, M.S. El_Tokhy and O.H. Elgzar, 2013. Modeling of radiation induced damage and thermal effects on avalanche photodiodes properties. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Eng. Technol., 2: 2776-2787.
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  70. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohamed, I.I. Mahmoud, M.S. El_Tokhy and O.H. Elgzar, 2013. Modeling of radiation induced attenuation and its recovery in optical fibers. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Eng. Technol., 2: 2768-2775.
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  71. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohamed, I.I. Mahmoud, M.S. El_Tokhy and O.H. Elgzar, 2013. Modeling of avalanche photodiodes performance under thermal and radiation effects. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Eng. Technol., 2: 2788-2799.
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  72. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohamed, I.I. Mahmoud, M.S. El_Tokhy and O.H. Elgzar, 2013. Avalanche photodiodes performance parameters estimation under thermal irradiation fields. Int. J. Sci. Eng. Technol. Res., 2: 1822-1835.

  73. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohamed, I.I. Mahmoud, M.S. El_Tokhy and O.H. Elgzar, 2013. An accurate model for vertical cavity surface emitting laser performance under radiation and thermal effects. Int. J. Sci. Eng. Technol. Res., 2: 1810-1821.
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  74. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohamed, I.I. Mahmoud, M.S. El_Tokhy and O.H. Elgzar, 2013. An accurate model for chromatic dispersion in optical fibers under radiation and thermal effects. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Eng. Technol., 2: 2646-2654.
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  75. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohamed and S.A.S. Hanafy, 2013. An accurate model for economical budget study and performance analysis of silica and plastic optical fibers for short range optical communication network applications with different multiplexing techniques. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. Electron. Eng., 2: 744-764.
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  76. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. Ultra wide wavelength division multiplexing optical code division multiple access communication systems in wide area optical communication networks. Int. J. Basics Applied Sci., 1: 650-663.
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  77. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. Trends in high performance operation of electro absorption integrated laser modulators in advanced optical switching transmission networks. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Eng. Technol., 2: 330-336.
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  78. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. Transimpedance amplifiers bandwidth extension and general design considerations in high speed circuits for optical communication systems. Int. J. Rev. Electron. Commun. Eng., 1: 87-93.
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  79. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. System threshold optical coding division multiplexing over plastic optical transmission fibers based on both code length and code weight variations. Int. J. Adv. Res. Electron. Commun. Eng., 2: 131-136.
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  80. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. Surface and embedded micro strip lines characteristic impedance and its signal propagation delay time in optical spectrum transmission regions. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Eng. Technol., 2: 1448-1454.
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  81. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. Submarine fiber cable network systems cost planning considerations with achieved high transmission capacity and signal quality enhancement. Opt. Commun., 311: 44-54.
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  82. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. Signal processing control for band pass optical filters. Int. J. Rev. Electron. Commun. Eng., 1: 16-24.

  83. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. Signal losses and allowable optical received power prediction for optical wireless communication links. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. Electron. Eng., 2: 113-119.
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  84. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. Signal delay control based on different switching techniques in optical routed interconnection networks. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Eng. Technol., 2: 2402-2408.
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  85. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. RLC low pass filters transmission transient performance characteristics analysis. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Eng. Technol., 2: 2533-2541.
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  86. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. RL short and long pass optical filters gain analysis in different spectrum applications. Int. J. Adv. Res. Electron. Commun. Eng., 2: 664-668.
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  87. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. RC band pass filters analysis for under damped operating conditions. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Eng. Technol., 2: 2208-2216.
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  88. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. Performance signature and optical signal processing of high speed electro-optic modulators. Opt. Commun., 294: 49-58.
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  89. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. Performance evaluation of optical cross connects for dense and ultra wide wavelength division multiplexing transmission systems. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. Electron. Eng., 2: 586-593.
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  90. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. Optical fibre communication cables systems performance under harmful gamma irradiation and thermal environment effects. IET Commun., 7: 448-455.
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  91. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. Microstrip transmission lines operation at tera hertz frequency for the proper applications in venerable circuit technology. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. Electron. Eng., 2: 359-363.
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  92. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. Long haul optical wireless transmission communication systems. Int. J. Adv. Res. Electron. Commun. Eng., 2: 1-6.

  93. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. LC circuit based short pass resonant butterworth filters performance response characteristics. Int. J. Adv. Res. Electron. Commun. Eng., 2: 720-727.
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  94. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. Interaction of signal and forward pumping Raman amplification technology in optical fiber transmission systems categories. Int. J. Adv. Res. Electron. Commun. Eng., 2: 101-107.
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  95. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. High-efficiency laser-power transmission with all optical amplification for high-transmission-capacity submarine cables. J. Russian Laser Res., 34: 603-613.
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  96. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. High reliability optical interconnections for short range applications in high performance optical communication systems. Opt. Laser Technol., 48: 302-308.
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  97. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. High performance broadband integrated GaAs electro-optic absorption modulators with distributed feedback lasers in optical transmission engineering systems. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. Electron. Eng., 2: 632-642.
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  98. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. Fiber Optic Sensors (FOSs) for thermal sensing applications. Int. J. Sci. Eng. Technol. Res., 2: 1755-1767.
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  99. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. Different applications of thermo-optic effects in different photonic Micro Electrical Mechanical Systems (MEMS). Int. J. Adv. Res. Electron. Commun. Eng., 2: 403-409.
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  100. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. Development of wide band ultra violet and visible band pass optical filters. Int. J. Adv. Res. Electron. Commun. Eng., 2: 655-663.
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  101. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) based Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) for indoor, short and outdoor applications. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. Electron. Eng., 2: 1-10.
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  102. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. Band pass filters with low pass and high pass filters integrated with operational amplifiers in advanced integrated communication circuits. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Eng. Technol., 2: 861-866.
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  103. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2013. A new generation of optical filters performance response for different categories of signal filtering. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. Electron. Eng., 2: 546-556.
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  104. Rashed, A.N.Z. and M.M.E. El-Halawany, 2013. Transmission characteristics evaluation under bad weather conditions in optical wireless links with different optical transmission windows. Wireless Personal Commun., 71: 1577-1595.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  105. Rashed, A.N.Z. and M.A. Metawe'e, 2013. Operation performance characteristics of Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers (VCSELs) under high thermal neutron irradiated fields. J. Russian Laser Res., 34: 1-7.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  106. Rashed, A.N.Z. and M.A. Metawe'e, 2013. Maximization of repeater spacing in ultrawide-wavelength-division multiplexing optical communication systems based on multipumped laser diodes. J. Russian Laser Res., 34: 255-261.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  107. Rashed, A.N.Z. and H.A. Sharshar, 2013. Polystyrene plastic and silica-doped optical fibers performance transmission efficiency based on maximum time division multiplexing and soliton propagation techniques. Int. J. Adv. Res. Electron. Commun. Eng., 2: 231-238.
    Direct Link  |  

  108. Rashed, A.N.Z. and H.A. Sharshar, 2013. Performance evaluation of short range underwater optical wireless communications for different ocean water types. Wireless Personal Commun., 72: 693-708.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  109. Rashed, A.N.Z. and A.E.F.A. Saad, 2013. Harmful effects of gamma irradiation thermal environments on the performance transmission characteristics of silicon Avalanche Photodiodes (APDs). Int. J. Adv. Res. Electron. Commun. Eng., 2: 732-740.
    Direct Link  |  

  110. Rashed, A.N.Z. and A.E.F.A. Saad, 2013. Different electro-optical modulators for high transmission-data rates and signal-quality enhancement. J. Russian Laser Res., 34: 336-345.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  111. Elshamy, A.M., A.N.Z. Rashed, A.E.N.A. Mohamed, O.S. Faragalla, Y. Mu, S.A. Alshebeili and F.E. Abd El-Samie, 2013. Optical image encryption based on chaotic baker map and double random phase encoding. J. Lightwave Technol., 31: 2533-2539.
    Direct Link  |  

  112. Rashed, A.N.Z., A.E.N.A. Mohammed and M.A. Metawe'e, 2012. Demonstration of multi pump wide gain Raman amplifiers for maximization of repeaters distance in optical communication systems. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. Electron. Eng., 1: 1-7.

  113. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2012. Very large scale optical interconnect systems for different types of optical interconnection networks. Int. J. Comput. Network Inform. Secur., 3: 62-76.
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  114. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2012. Ultra wide band of semiconductor electrooptic modulator devices for high transmission capacity. Int. J. Adv. Eng. Sci. Technol., 1: 1-16.
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  115. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2012. Transmission capacity improvement of Ultra Wide Wavelength Division Multiplexing (UV-WDM) submarine fiber cable systems for long haul depths. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. Electron. Eng., 1: 9-17.
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  116. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2012. Submarine optical fiber cable systems for high speed growth developments in optical communication networks. Int. J. Inform. Eng. Electron. Bus., 4: 49-63.
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  117. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2012. Recent progress of acousto-optic modulator devices for ultra wide bandwidth and high switching modulation efficiency. Nonlinear Opt. Quant. Opt., 45: 225-241.
    Direct Link  |  

  118. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2012. Recent developments and signal processing of low driving voltage and high modulation efficiency Electro-Absorption Modulators (EAMs). Int. J. Image Graph. Signal Process., 4: 11-18.
    Direct Link  |  

  119. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2012. Recent advances of wide band magneto-optical modulators in advanced high speed optical communication system. Int. J. Eng. Manage. Res., 2: 14-22.

  120. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2012. Radiation damage effects in Heterostructure Light Emitting Diodes (HLEDs) under proton irradiation fields. Int. J. Intell. Syst. Applic., 5: 45-55.
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  121. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2012. Optimization design parameters of electro-optic modulators for low loss wide bandwidth capability of optical communication systems. Int. J. Comput. Network Inform. Secur., 5: 46-55.
    Direct Link  |  

  122. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2012. Optical wireless link budget analysis for optical wireless communication networks. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. Electron. Eng., 1: 1-8.
    Direct Link  |  

  123. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2012. Modern fiber optic submarine cable telecommunication systems planning for explosive bandwidth needs at different deployment depths. Int. J. Basic Applied Sci., 1: 121-133.

  124. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2012. Interaction of Avalanche Photodiodes (APDs) devices with thermal irradiation environments. Int. J. Inform. Eng. Electron. Bus., 4: 51-61.
    CrossRef  |  

  125. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2012. High performance photonic devices for multiplexing/demultiplexing applications in multi band operating regions. J. Comput. Theoret. Nanosci., 9: 522-531.
    Direct Link  |  

  126. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2012. High operation efficiency of semiconductor electro-optic modulators in advanced lightwave communication systems. Int. J. Basic Applied Sci., 1: 97-117.

  127. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2012. Harmful effects of gamma irradiation on optical fiber communication system links under thermal environment effects. Int. J. Comput. Electron. Electr. Eng., 2: 4-13.

  128. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2012. Efficient role of electro-optic modulators in lightwave optical access communication networks. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. Electron. Eng., 1: 65-78.
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  129. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2012. Different plastic materials based Acousto-Optic Modulators (AOMs) design considerations for fast switching applications. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. Electron. Eng., 1: 8-20.
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  130. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2012. Current trends of high capacity optical interconnections. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. Electron. Eng., 1: 1-15.
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  131. Rashed, A.N.Z. and H.A. Sharshar, 2012. Analysis of transmission line feed method for transparent conductor oxide materials based optical microstrip patch antennas design. Optoelectron. Adv. Mater.-Rapid Commun., 6: 980-987.

  132. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., O.S. Fragallah, A.N.Z. Rashed and M.G. El-Abyad, 2012. Rigorous progress on algorithms based routing and wavelength assignment in Trans-Egypt Network (TEGYNET) management. Can. J. Electr. Electron. Eng., 3: 277-291.

  133. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., O.S. Fragallah, A.N.Z. Rashed and M.G. El-Abyad, 2012. New trends of multiplexing techniques based submarine optical transmission links for high transmission capacity computing network systems. Can. J. Sci. Eng. Math., 3: 112-126.

  134. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., N. Ayad, A.N.Z. Rashed and H.M. Hageen, 2012. Speed response and performance degradation of high temperature gamma irradiated silicon PIN photodiodes. Adv. Sci. Lett., 5: 74-80.

  135. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., M.M.E. El-Halawany, A.N.Z. Rashed and M.S.F. Tabour, 2012. High transmission performance of radio over fiber systems over traditional optical fiber communication systems using different coding formats for long haul applications. Nonlinear Opt. Quant. Opt., 44: 41-63.

  136. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., M.M.E. El-Halawany, A.N.Z. Rashed and M.M. Eid, 2012. Optical add drop multiplexers with UW-DWDM technique in metro optical access communication networks. Nonlinear Opt. Quant. Opt., 44: 25-39.

  137. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., A.N.Z. Rashed and M.M.A. Eid, 2012. Rapid progress of a thermal arrayed waveguide grating module for dense wavelength division multiplexing applications. Adv. Sci. Lett., 5: 56-63.

  138. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., A.N.Z. Rashed and M.M. Eid, 2012. Recent advances of distributed optical fiber Raman amplifiers in ultra wide wavelength division multiplexing telecommunication networks. J. Eng. Technol. Res., 4: 63-74.
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  139. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., A.N.Z. Rashed and M.M. Eid, 2012. High performance efficiency of distributed optical fiber Raman amplifiers for different pumping configurations in different fiber cable schemes. Int. J. Comput. Electron. Electr. Eng., 2: 21-43.

  140. Mohamed, A.E.N.A., A.N.Z. Rashed and A. El-Nabawy, 2012. Under water optical wireless communications technology for short and very short ranges. Int. Electr. Eng. J., 3: 612-622.

  141. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2011. Ultra high transmission capacity of undersea optical fiber cables for upgrading UW-WDM submarine systems. Can. J. Electr. Electron. Eng., 2: 481-490.

  142. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2011. Transmission performance evaluation of Optical Add Drop Multiplexers (OADMs) in optical telecommunication ring networks. Am. J. Eng. Technol. Res., 12: 23-37.
    Direct Link  |  

  143. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2011. Transmission characteristics and performance analysis of silica doped and plastic optical fibers in optical communication systems. Int. J. Comput. Eng. Manage., 14: 18-32.
    Direct Link  |  

  144. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2011. Speed performance degradation of electrooptic modulator devices by neutrons irradiations at high temperature effects. Int. J. Comput. Eng. Manage., 14: 1-8.
    Direct Link  |  

  145. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2011. Optical Add Drop Multiplexer (OADM) based on dense wavelength division multiplexing technology in next generation optical networks. Electr. Electron. Eng., 1: 24-32.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  146. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2011. New trends of forward fiber Raman amplification for Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) photonic communication networks. Int. J. Soft Comput., 6: 26-32.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  147. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2011. High transmission bit rate of multi giga bit per second for short range optical wireless access communication networks. Int. J. Adv. Sci. Technol., 32: 23-32.

  148. Rashed, A.N.Z., 2011. Development of optical interconnections modules system architectures and its backplane technology for terabit systems. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. Electron. Eng., 1: 7-17.
    Direct Link  |  

  149. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., N. Ayad, A.N.Z. Rashed and H.M. Hageen, 2011. Harmful neutrons irradiation and thermal effects on soliton transmission bit rates of vertical cavity surface emitting lasers. Nonlinear Opt. Quant. Opt., 42: 161-173.
    Direct Link  |  

  150. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., N. Ayad, A.N.Z. Rashed and H.M. El-Hageen, 2011. Transient behavior and transmission bit rates analysis of optoelectronic integrated devices Laser Diode (LD) and Light Emitting Diode (LED) under amplification and ionizing irradiation environments. J. Electr. Electron. Eng. Res., 3: 121-133.
    Direct Link  |  

  151. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., M.M.E. El-Halawany, A.N.Z. Rashed and S. Hanafy, 2011. High performance of plastic optical fibers within conventional amplification technique in advanced local area optical communication networks. Int. J. Multidisciplin. Sci. Eng., 2: 34-42.
    Direct Link  |  

  152. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., M.M. El-Halawany, A.N.Z. Rashed and H.M. Hageen, 2011. Harmful proton radiation damage and induced bit error effects on the performance of avalanche photodiode devices. Int. J. Multidisciplin. Sci. Eng., 2: 27-36.
    Direct Link  |  

  153. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., M.A. Metwae'e, A.N.Z. Rashed and A.I.M. Bendary, 2011. Recent progress of LiNbO3 based electrooptic modulators with Non Return to Zero (NRZ) coding in high speed photonic networks. Int. J. Multidisciplin. Sci. Eng., 2: 13-21.
    Direct Link  |  

  154. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., M.A. Metawe'e, A.N.Z. Rashed and A.E.M. El-Nabawy, 2011. Unguided nonlinear optical laser pulses propagate in waters with soliton transmission technique. Int. J. Multidisciplin. Sci. Eng., 2: 1-10.
    Direct Link  |  

  155. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., A.N.Z. Rashed, M.S. Tabour and S.A.S. Hanafy, 2011. Radio over fiber communication systems over multimode polymer optical fibers for short transmission distances under modulation technique. Int. J. Sci. Technol., 1: 60-68.

  156. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., A.N.Z. Rashed and M.S.F. Tabour, 2011. Transmission characteristics of Radio Over Fiber (ROF) millimeter wave systems in local area optical communication networks. Int. J. Adv. Networks Applic., 2: 876-886.
    Direct Link  |  

  157. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., A.N.Z. Rashed and M.M. Eid, 2011. Ultra wide wavelength multiplexing/demultiplexing conventional Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) devices for multi band applications. Int. J. Recent Trends Electr. Electron. Eng., 1: 10-23.

  158. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., A.E.F.A. Saad, A.N.Z. Rashed and H.M. Hageen, 2011. Low performance characteristics of optical laser diode sources based on NRZ coding formats under thermal irradiated environments. Int. J. Comput. Sci. Telecommun., 2: 20-30.
    Direct Link  |  

  159. Mohamed, A.E.N.A., M.A. Metwae'e, A.N.Z. Rashed and A.I.M. Bendary, 2011. Ultra high speed semiconductor electrooptic modulator devices for gigahertz operation in optical communication systems. Int. Electr. Eng. J., 2: 560-570.
    Direct Link  |  

  160. Mohamed, A.E.N.A., H.A. Sharshar, A.N.Z. Rashed and S.A.S. Hanafy, 2011. High transmission data rate of plastic optical fibers over silica optical fibers based optical links for short transmission ranges. Int. J. Comput. Sci. Telecommun., 2: 61-72.

  161. Mohamed, A.E.N.A., H.A. Sharshar, A.N.Z. Rashed and A. El-Nabawy, 2011. Integrated service quality enhancement of wireless optical communication systems for long haul transmission distances. Can. J. Electr. Electron. Eng., 2: 557-570.

  162. Mohamed, A.E.N.A., A.N.Z. Rashed, S.A.S. Hanafy and A.I.M. Bendary, 2011. Electrooptic polymer modulators performance improvement with pulse code modulation scheme in modern optical communication networks. Int. J. Comput. Sci. Telecommun., 2: 31-40.
    Direct Link  |  

  163. El-Dokany, I.M., A.E.N.A. Mohamed, A.N.Z. Rashed and A.M. El-Nabawy, 2011. Upgrading efficiency and improvement of the performance of broadband wireless optical access communication networks. Int. J. Commun. Networks Inform. Secur., 3: 149-162.
    Direct Link  |  

  164. El-Badawy, E.S.A., A.E.N.A. Mohammed, A.N.Z. Rashed and M.S. Tabour, 2011. New trends of radio over fiber communication systems for ultra high transmission capacity. Int. J. Commun. Networks Inform. Secur., 3: 217-225.
    Direct Link  |  

  165. El-Badawy, E.S.A., A.E.N.A. Mohammed and A.N.Z. Rashed, 2011. Rapid progress of transmission bit rates for multi users for cost planning of Passive Optical Network (PON) standards. Int. J. Sci. Technol., 1: 1-11.

  166. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., A.N.Z. Rashed and M.M. Eid, 2010. Important role of Optical Add Drop Multiplexers (OADMs) with different multiplexing techniques in optical communication networks. Int. J. Comput., 9: 152-164.

  167. Mohammed, A.E.N.A. and A.N.Z. Rashed, 2010. Comparison performance evolution of different transmission techniques with Bi-directional distributed Raman gain amplification technique in high capacity optical networks. Int. J. Adv. Eng. Applic., 5: 484-495.
    Direct Link  |  

  168. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., M.M.E. El-Halawany, A.N.Z. Rashed and M.M. Eid, 2009. Recent applications of optical parametric amplifiers in hybrid WDM/TDM local area optical networks. Int. J. Comput. Sci. Inform. Secur., 3: 14-24.

  169. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., M.M.E. El-Halawany, A.N.Z. Rashed and A.M. El-Nabawy, 2009. Transmission performance analysis of digital wire and wireless optical links in local and wide areas optical networks. Int. J. Comput. Sci. Inform. Secur., 3: 106-115.

  170. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., M.A. Metawe'e, A.N.Z. Rashed and M.M. Eid, 2009. Distributed optical Raman amplifiers in ultra high speed long haul transmission optical fiber telecommunication networks. Int. J. Comput. Network Secur., 1: 1-8.

  171. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., G.E.S.M. El-Abyad, A.E.F.A. Saad and A.N.Z. Rashed, 2009. Low loss a thermal Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) module for passive and active optical network applications. Int. J. Commun. Networks Inform. Secur., 1: 27-34.
    Direct Link  |  

  172. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., A.N.Z. Rashed, G.E.S.M. El-Abyad and A.E.F.A. Saad, 2009. High transmission bit rate of a thermal arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) module in passive optical networks. Int. J. Comp. Sci. Inform. Security, 1: 13-21.
    Direct Link  |  

  173. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., A.N.Z. Rashed and A.E.F.A. Saad, 2009. Estimated optimization parameters of Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) for C-band applications. Int. J. Phys. Sci., 4: 149-155.
    Direct Link  |  

  174. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., A.E.F.A. Saad, A.N.Z. Rashed and M.M.A. Eid, 2009. Characteristics of multi-pumped raman amplifiers in Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) optical access networks. Int. J. Comp. Sci. Network Security, 9: 277-284.
    Direct Link  |  

  175. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., A.E.F.A. Saad and A.N.Z. Rashed, 2009. Thermal sensitivity coefficients of the fabrication materials based a thermal Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) in wide area dense wavelength division multiplexing optical networks. Int. J. Eng. Technol., 1: 131-139.

  176. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., A.E.F.A. Saad and A.N.Z. Rashed, 2009. Spectral sensitivity coefficients of the based materials for a thermal Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) in WDM optical access networks. J. Inform. Commun. Technol., 2: 88-95.

  177. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., A.E.F.A. Saad and A.N.Z. Rashed, 2009. Spectral and thermal sensitivities of inorganic-organic fabrication materials based Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) in active and Passive Optical Networks (PONs). Int. J. Intell. Inform. Technol. Applic., 2: 91-98.

  178. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., A.E.F.A. Saad and A.N.Z. Rashed, 2009. Matrices of the thermal and spectral variations for the fabrication materials based arrayed waveguide grating (awg) devices. Int. J. Phys. Sci., 4: 205-211.
    Direct Link  |  

  179. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., A.E.F.A. Saad and A.N.Z. Rashed, 2009. High channel Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) in wavelength division multiplexing passive optical networks (WDM-PONs). Int. J. Comp. Sci. Network Security, 9: 253-259.
    Direct Link  |  

  180. Mohammed, A.E.N.A., A.E.F.A. Saad and A.N.Z. Rashed, 2009. Applications of Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) in passive optical networks. Int. J. Future Gener. Commun. Networking, 2: 25-36.
    Direct Link  |  

  181. Mohammed, A.E.N.A. and A.N.Z. Rashed, 2009. Ultra Wide Band (UWB) of optical fiber Raman amplifiers in advanced optical communication networks. J. Media Commun. Stud., 1: 56-78.
    Direct Link  |  

  182. El-Halafawy, F.Z., A.E.A. Mohamed, A.E.A. Saad and A.N.Z. Rashed, 2005. Performance of polymer and Germania doped silica optical fibers in advanced communication systems. Menoufia J. Electron. Eng. Res., 15: 99-112.
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