Dr. Dennis R.A. Mans

Head of Academic Department/Faculty
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname, Netherlands


Highest Degree
Ph.D. in Tumor Biology Research from Free University Hospital, Netherlands

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Biography

Dr. Dennis R.A. Mans grew up at Paramaribo, Suriname. He completed his secondary education in 1974 at Mr. J.C. de Miranda Lyceum in Paramaribo. He subsequently moved to The Netherlands to study Biology, and he graduated in 1984 as a Medical Biologist from the Sub faculty of Biology of the State University of Utrecht in Utrecht, The Netherlands. He worked as a junior scientist in the field of Biochemistry of Cardiovascular Diseases at the Institute of Cardiovascular Research in Leiden, The Netherlands, a division of the Netherlands Organization of Applied Scientific Research TNO for 1 year. He participated in research on the role of the enzyme squalene synthetase in the regulation of cholesterol metabolism. Mans received his PhD diploma in 1991 with the thesis ‘Mechanism of action of etoposide: a study at the cellular and molecular level’, a survey completed at the Department of Medical Oncology of the Free University Hospital in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. In 1992, Mans went to Brazil, where he was closely involved in setting up the South-American Office for Anticancer drug Development (SOAD) in Porto Alegre (RS), and the Integrated Center for Cancer Research (CINCAN) in Canoas (RS). Both the SOAD and the CINCAN are specialized in the development of novel anti neoplastic agents from natural (in particular Amazon) sources. He held the position of Head of the Preclinical Units of both institutions until the year 2000. During that period, he (co-)authored a number of scientific papers in the field of cancer research and plant-derived medicinal substances, and (co-)supervised several PhD and MSc thesis. Mans was in 2001 selected to become Head of the Department of Pharmacology of the Faculty of Medical Sciences. He became Associate Professor in 2006 at the Anton de Kom University of Suriname, and was in 2008 appointed Full Professor with a chair in ‘Pharmacology, with special attention to plants with medicinal properties’ at that same institution. He held his inaugural address in 2009 on the subject ‘From forest to pharmacy. Bringing traditional medicine into the 21st century.’ Currently, he coordinates scientific research on medicinal plants with angiogenesis-interfering properties and potential efficacy against cardiovascular, neoplastic, diabetic, chronic obstructive pulmonary, and infectious diseases. He also supervises PhD, MSc, and BSc candidates in these areas. Thus far, his scientific production amounts to more than 70 full papers and approximately 200 congress presentations.

Area of Interest:

Pharmacology and Toxicology
Immunology
Biopharmaceuticals
Drug Discovery
Cancer Pharmacology

Selected Publications

  1. Pawiroredjo, J.C., J. Minderhoud, D.R.A. Mans, H.C.I. Themen, A.M.T.B.De. Mesquita-Voigt, M.R. Siban, C.M. Forster-Pawiroredjo, A.C. Moll, R.M.A.Van. Nispen and H. Limburg, 2016. The cataract situation in Suriname: an effective intervention programme to increase the cataract surgical rate in a developing country. Br J. Ophthalmol., 101: 89-93.
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  2. Minderhoud, J., R.M.A.Van. Nispen, A.A.A.M. Heijthuijsen, V.A.A. Beunders, A.M.T.B.De. Mesquita-Voigt, A.C. Moll, D.R.A. Mans and P. Saeed, 2016. Epidemiology and aetiology of childhood ocular trauma in the republic of suriname. Acta Ophthalmol 94: 479-484.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  3. Mans, D.R.A., T. Beerens, I. Magali, R.C. Soekhoe, G.J. Schoone, K. Oedairadjsingh, J.A. Hasrat, E.Van.Den. Bogaart and H.D.F.H. Schallig, 2016. In vitro evaluation of traditionally used Surinamese medicinal plants for their potential anti-leishmanial efficacy. J. Ethnopharmacol., 180: 70-77.
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  4. Dennis, R.A.M., 2016. Exploring the global animal biodiversity in the search for new drugs -marine invertebrates. J. Transl. Sci., 10.15761/JTS.1000136.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  5. Bipat, R., J.R. Toelsie, I. Magali, R. Soekhoe, K. Stender, A. Wangsawirana, K. Oedairadjsingh, J. Pawirodihardjo and D.R.A. Mans, 2016. Beneficial effect of medicinal plants on the contractility of post-hypoxic isolated guinea pig atria – Potential implications for the treatment of ischemic–reperfusion injury. Pharm. Biol., 54: 1483-1489.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  6. Minderhoud, J., J.C. Pawiroredjo, H.C.I. Themen, A.M.T.B.De. Mesquita-Voigt, M.R. Siban, C.M. Forster-Pawiroredjo, H. Limburg, R.M.A.Van. Nispen, D.R.A. Mans and A.C. Moll, 2015. Blindness and visual impairment in the republic of suriname. Ophthalmol., 122: 2147-2149.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  7. Mans, D.R.A., A.D. Kent, R.V. Hu, E.J.L.A. Fat and G.J. Schoone et al., 2015. Monitoring the response of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis to treatment with pentamidine isethionate by quantitative real-time PCR, and identification of Leishmania parasites not responding to therapy. Clin. Exp. Dermatol., 41: 610-615.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  8. Mans, D.R.A., 2015. Blood, sweat, and tears. angiogenesis, angiogenesis-dependent diseases, and angiogenesis-interfering therapies. Int. Arch. Med., 10.3823/1730.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  9. Mans, D., J. Toelsie, M. Djotaroeno, P. Friperson, J. Pawirodihardjo, I. Magali, R. Soekhoe, K. Oedairadjsingh, J. Hasrat and R. Bipat, 2015. Anti-angiogenic rather than pro-angiogenic and wound healing-promoting effects of Lantana camara L. (Verbenaceae) in a Zebra fish model of tissue regeneration and in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells. European J. Med. Plants, 9: 1-12.
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  10. Pandey, A.K. and R. Das, 2014. Good field collection practices and quality evaluation of medicinal plants: Prospective approach to augment utilization and economic benefits. Res. J. Med. Plant, 8: 1-19.
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  11. Minderhoud, J., D.R.A. Mans, J.C. Pawiroredjo, J.H. Pameijer, P. Saeed and A.C. Moll, 2014. Causes of blindness and visual impairment in the interior Maroon population in the Republic of Suriname. Acta Ophthalmol., 92: e162-e164.
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  12. Mans, D.R.A., R.V.P.F. Hu, A.D. Kent, S. Ramdas, H.D.F.H. Schallig and J.E. Zeegelaar, 2014. Clinical, biological and anthropological aspects of leishmaniasis in Suriname-report of the final meeting of the integrated program. Acad. J. Suriname, 5: 464-473.
    Direct Link  |  

  13. Mans, D.R.A., A.E.Budhu Lall, V.L. Macnack, J.A. van Tholl, E.B. Zandveld and M.A. Vrede, 2014. Incidence and gender, age and ethnic distribution of sarcomas in the republic of suriname from 1980 to 2008. West Indian J. Med., 63: 121-127.
    CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  

  14. Mans, D.R.A. and W.C.W.R. Zijlmans, 2014. Childhood cancers in the Republic of Suriname (1980 through 2008). Open Epidemiol. J., 7: 27-36.
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  15. Williams, G., D.R.A. Mans, J. Garssen, O. Visser, D. Kramer and A.E. Kunst, 2013. Cancer incidence and mortality of Surinamese migrants in The Netherlands: In-between Surinamese and Dutch levels? Cancer Cause Control, 24: 1375-1383.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  16. Minderhoud, J., J.C. Pawiroredjo, D.R.A. Mans, A.M.T.B. de Mesquita-Voigt and P. Saeed, 2013. Phacoemulsification under topical anaesthesia in remote areas: Experiences in the Amazon. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol., 41: 713-714.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  17. Mans, D.R.A., K. Pelswijk, I. Boschveld, G. Culbard and A. Tewarie et al., 2013. Occurrence of cancers of the gastrointestinal tract in the Republic of Suriname. Results from a descriptive study between the years 1980 and 2008. Translat. Biomed., Vol. 4. 10.3823/439.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  18. Mans, D.R.A., 2013. Nature, green in leaf and stem. Het belang van de biodiversiteit voor planten met medicinale eigenschappen. Acad. J. Suriname, 4: 397-402.
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  19. Mans, D.R.A., 2013. From forest to pharmacy: Plant-based traditional medicines as sources for novel therapeutics. Acad. J. Med. Plants, 1: 101-110.

  20. Kent, A.D., T.V. Dos Santos, A. Gangadin, A. Samjhawan, D.R.A. Mans and H.D. Schallig, 2013. Studies on the sand fly fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) in high-transmission areas of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Republic of Suriname. Parasites Vectors, Vol. 6. 10.1186/1756-3305-6-318.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  21. Kent, A.D., P. Ramkalup, D.R.A. Mans and H.D.F.H. Schallig, 2013. Is the dog a possible reservoir for cutaneous leishmaniasis in Suriname? J. Trop. Med., Vol. 2013. 10.1155/2013/324140.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  22. Bipat, R., D.R.A. Mans, J.R. Toelsie and M. Algoe, 2013. Diabetes mellitus: Historical background, global aspects and impacts in Suriname. Acad. J. Suriname, 4: 365-371.
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  23. Berrenstein, H.J., D.R.A. Mans, M. Bhansing, W.S. Wakiran and S.L. Atmopawiro et al., 2013. Effects of diking on the biological performance of the black mangrove (Avicennia germinans L.) in an Atlantic mangrove forest. Wetlands Ecol. Manage., 21: 165-172.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  24. Mans, D.R.A., 2012. Efficacy of Surinamese plants in the therapy of diabetes mellitus-analysis of the literature. Acad. J. Suriname, 3: 276-283.
    Direct Link  |  

  25. Hu, R.V.P.F., A.D. Kent, E.R. Adams, C. van der Veer and L.O.A. Sabajo et al., 2012. First case of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis in Suriname. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 86: 825-827.
    Direct Link  |  

  26. Mans, D.R.A., M.A. Vrede and S. Sardjoe, 2011. The incidence of malignancies of the male urogenital system in the Republic of Suriname from 1980 through 2004. Acad. J. Suriname, 2: 199-204.
    Direct Link  |  

  27. Mans, D.R.A., F.L. Chitanie and M.A. Vrede, 2011. The incidence of malignancies of the female urogenital system in the Republic of Suriname in the period between 1980 and 2004. Acad. J. Suriname, 2: 144-149.

  28. Themen, H.C.I., D.R.A. Mans, R. Bipat, D.J. Doelwijt, D. Jiawan and A.T.B. de Mesquita-Voight, 2010. Possible correlation of plica-limbal distance with the presence of primary medial pterygium. Translat. Biomed., Vol. 1. .
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  29. Mans, D.R.A., S.C.E.H. Sallevelt, R. Soekhoe, R. Bipat and J. Toelsie, 2010. Evaluation of plants with presumed antihypertensive properties for their potential to decrease peripheral resistance using isolated guinea pig aortic rings precontracted with phenylephrine. Acad. J. Suriname, 1: 15-19.
    Direct Link  |  

  30. Mans, D.R.A., J.R. Toelsie, R. Bipat, R. Bansie and M.A. Vrede, 2010. The incidence of head and neck cancers in the Republic of Suriname between the years 1980 and 2004. Translat. Biomed., Vol. 1. .
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  31. Bipat, R., J. Toelsie, C.M. Huisden and D.R.A. Mans, 2010. Emergence of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a low-budget research tool in biomedicine, sociology and technology. Acad. J. Suriname, 1: 36-40.
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  32. Mans, D.R.A., E. Rijkaard, J. Dollart, G. Belgrave and S.S.T.A. Joe et al., 2008. Differences between urban and rural areas of the Republic of Suriname in the ethnic and age distribution of cancer. A retrospective study from 1980 through 2004. Open Epidemiol. J., 1: 30-35.
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  33. Bipat, R., J.R. Toelsie, R.F. Joemmanbaks, J.M. Gummels and J. Klaverweide et al., 2008. Effects of plants popularly used against hypertension on norepinephrine-stimulated guinea pig atria. Pharmacogn. Mag., 13: 12-19.
    Direct Link  |  

  34. Mans, D.R.A., S.A. Adhin, R.D. Bansie, A.K. Tewarie and S. Sewgobind et al., 2007. Incidence patterns of external genital malignancies in the Republic of Suriname over the period from 1980 through 2004. Interactie, 8: 9-15.

  35. Mans, D.R.A., M.A. Vrede and R.N. Mohamedradja, 2005. The main steps in the development of anticancer agents. Interactie, 7: 3-16.

  36. Mans, D.R.A., J.R. Toelsie, Z. Jagernath, K. Ramjiawan and A. van Brussel et al., 2004. Assessment of eight popularly used plant-derived preparations for their spasmolytic potential using the isolated guinea pig ileum. Pharm. Biol., 42: 422-429.
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  37. Mans, D.R.A., J. Toelsie, S. Mohan, S. Jurgens and M. Muhringen et al., 2004. Spasmogenic effect of a Solanummelongena leaf extract on guinea pig tracheal chains and its possible mechanism(s). J. Ethnopharmacol., 95: 329-333.
    CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

  38. Mans, D.R.A., R.N. Mohamedradja, A.R.D. Hoeblal, R. Rampadarath and S.S.T.A. Joe et al., 2003. Cancer incidence in Suriname from 1980 through 2000 a descriptive study. Tumori, 89: 368-376.
    PubMed  |  

  39. Ferraz, A.C., S. Bordignon, D.R.A. Mans, A. Schmitt, A.P. Ravazzolo and G.L. von Poser, 2002. Screening for the presence of hypericins in Southern Brazilian species of Hypericum. Pharm. Biol., 40: 294-297.
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  40. Da Rocha, A.B., D.R.A. Mans, A.R. Pereira and G. Schwartsmann, 2002. Targeting protein kinase C: New therapeutic opportunities against high-grade malignant gliomas? Oncologist, 7: 17-33.
    PubMed  |  

  41. Sprinz, E., A.P.F. Caldas, D.R.A. Mans, A.I.N. Cancela, L. di Leone, T.D. Costa and G. Schwartsmann, 2001. Fractionated doses of oral etoposide in the treatment of patients with AIDS-related kaposi sarcoma: A clinical and pharmacologic study to improve therapeutic index. Am. J. Clin. Oncol., 24: 177-184.
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  42. Grivicich, I., D.R.A. Mans, G.J. Peters and G. Schwartsmann, 2001. Irinotecan and oxaliplatin: An overview of the novel chemotherapeutic options for the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res., 34: 1087-1103.
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  43. Schwartsmann, G., H. Schunemann, C.N.F. Gorini, A.F.F. Filho and C. Garbino et al., 2000. A phase I trial of cisplatin plus decitabine, a new DNA-hypomethylating agent, in patients with advanced solid tumors and a follow-up early phase II evaluation in patients with inoperable non-small cell lung cancer. Invest. New Drugs, 18: 83-91.
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  44. Schwartsmann, G., A.P.F. Caldas, T.D. Costa, L. di Leone and O. Campos Jr. et al., 2000. Phase I study of three-times daily oral etoposide in patients with refractory solid tumours. Clin. Drug Invest., 19: 375-383.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  45. Mans, D.R.A., L. di Leone, A.P.F. Caldas, M. Maino and A.I.N. Cancela et al., 2000. Cellular and clinical pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic basis for lack of efficacy of 21-day continuous topotecan in patients with untreated advanced adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. Tumori, 86: 458-464.
    PubMed  |  

  46. Mans, D.R.A., A.B. da Rocha and G. Schwartsmann, 2000. Anti-cancer drug discovery and development in Brazil: Targeted plant collection as a rational strategy to acquire candidate anti-cancer compounds. Oncologist, 5: 185-198.
    PubMed  |  

  47. Da Rocha, A.B., D.R.A. Mans, G. Lenz, A.K. Fernandes and C. de Lima et al., 2000. Protein kinase C-mediated in vitro invasion of human glioma cells through extracellular-signal-regulated kinase and ornithine decarboxylase. Pathobiology, 68: 113-123.
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  48. Mans, D.R.A., I. Gricivich, G.J. Peters and G. Schwartsmann, 1999. Sequence-dependent growth inhibition and DNA damage formation by the irinotecan-5-fluorouracil combination in human colon carcinoma cell lines. Eur. J. Cancer, 35: 1851-1861.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  49. Da Rocha, A.B., D.R.A. Mans, E.A. Bernard, C. Ruschel and A.F. Logullo et al., 1999. Tamoxifen inhibits particulate-associated protein kinase C activity and sensitizes cultured human glioblastoma cells not to etoposide but to γ-radiation and BCNU. Eur. J. Cancer, 35: 833-839.

  50. Schwartsmann, G., E. Sprinz, M. Kronfeld, L. Kalakun and E. Sander et al., 1997. Clinical and pharmacokinetic study of oral etoposide in patients with AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma with no prior exposure to cytotoxic therapy. J. Clin. Oncol., 15: 2118-2124.
    PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

  51. Schwartsmann, G., D.R.A. Mans, C.H. Menke, N. Xavier and M. Caleffi et al., 1997. A phase II study of doxorubicin/paclitaxel plus G-CSF for metastatic breast cancer. Oncology, 11: 24-29.
    PubMed  |  Direct Link  |  

  52. Mans, D.R.A., I. Gricivich, C. Malcon, M.I. Edelweiss, C.T. Cerski, D. Becker and G. Schwartsmann, 1997. Enhanced etoposide-induced hepato- and hematological toxicity in Wistar rats upon coadministration of the P-glycoprotein-modulating agents tamoxifen and cyclosporin A. South-Am. J. Cancer, 2: 114-122.

  53. Mans, D.R.A., 1997. Highlights of the 88th annual meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR). South-Am. J. Cancer, 4: 281-288.

  54. Mans, D.R.A. and A.B. da Rocha, 1997. Novel targets for cancer therapy. South-Am. J. Cancer, 1: 53-69.

  55. Schwartsmann, G., E. Sprinz, L. Kalakun, N. Yamagushi and E. Sander et al., 1996. Phase II study of pentosan polysulfate (PPS) in patients with AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma. Tumori, 82: 360-363.
    PubMed  |  

  56. Mans, D.R.A., F.A. Jung and G. Schwartsmann, 1994. Anticancer drug discovery and development. Ciencia e Cultura, 46: 70-81.

  57. Mans, D.R.A., A. Scaletzky, D. Becker, J.R. de Oliveira and C.M. Pinheiro et al., 1994. Two new cases of hyperpyrimidinuria associated with excessive 5-fluorouracil toxicity. Ann. Oncol., 5: 772-773.
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  58. Van der Gaast, A., P. Sonneveld, D.R.A. Mans and T.A. Splinter, 1992. Intrathecal administration of etoposide in the treatment of malignant meningitis: Feasibility and pharmacokinetic data. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol., 29: 335-337.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  59. Mans, D.R.A., M.V.M. Lafleur, J. Westmijze, I.R. Horn and D. Bets et al., 1992. Reactions of glutathione with the catechol, the ortho-quinone and the semi-quinone free radical of etoposide Consequences for DNA inactivation. Biochem. Pharmacol., 43: 1761-1768.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  

  60. Mans, D.R.A., G.J. Schuurhuis, M. Treskes, M.V.M. Lafleur, J. Retel, H.M. Pinedo and J. Lankelma, 1992. Modulation by D,L-buthionine-S,R-sulphoximine of etoposide cytotoxicity on human non-small cell lung, ovarian and breast carcinoma cell lines. Eur. J. Cancer, 28: 1447-1452.
    PubMed  |  

  61. Mans, D.R.A., M.V.M. Lafleur, E.J. Westmijze, J.M.S. van Maanen, M.A. van Schaik, J. Lankelma and J. Retel, 1991. Formation of different reaction products with single-and double-stranded DNA by theortho-quinone and the semi-quinone free radical of etoposide (VP-16-213). Biochem. Pharmacol., 42: 2131-2139.
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  62. Van Maanen, J.M.S., D.R.A. Mans, M.V.M. Lafleur, M.A. van Schaik and J.D. Vries et al., 1990. Effects of oxygen radical scavengers on the inactivation of SS ΦX174 DNA by the semi-quinone free radical of the antitumor agent etoposide. Free Radical Res., 9: 69-86.
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  63. Mans, D.R.A., J. Retel, J.M.S. van Maanen, M.V.M. Lafleur, M.A. van Schaik, H.M. Pinedo and J. Lankelma, 1990. Role of the semi-quinone free radical of the antitumor agent etoposide (VP-16-213) in the inactivation of single-stranded and double-stranded φ X174 DNA. Br. J. Cancer, 62: 54-60.
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  64. De Weger, R.A., R.J. Vandebriel, H. Slager, D.R.A. Mans and H. van Loveren et al., 1989. Initial immunochemical characterization of specific macrophage-arming factor. Cancer Immunol. Immunother., 30: 21-27.
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  65. Van Maanen, J.M.S., M.V.M. Lafleur, D.R.A. Mans, E. van den Akker and C. de Ruiter et al., 1988. Effects of the ortho-quinone and catechol of the antitumor drug VP-16-213 on the biological activity of single-stranded and double-stranded ΦX174 DNA. Biochem. Pharmacol., 37: 3579-3589.
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  66. Noteborn, H.P.J.M., H. Bartsch, C. Bartsch, D.R.A. Mans and J.J.A.M. Weusten et al., 1988. Partial purification of (a) low molecular weight ovine pineal compound(s) with an inhibiting effect on the growth of human melanoma cells in vitro. J. Neural Transm., 73: 135-155.
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  67. Van Maanen, J.M.S., J. de Vries, D. Pappie, D.R.A. Mans and E. van den Akker et al., 1987. Cytochrome P-450-mediated O-demethylation: A route in the metabolic activation of etoposide (VP-16-213). Cancer Res., 47: 4658-4662.
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  68. De Weger, R.A., B. Wilbrink, R.M.P. Moberts, D.R.A. Mans, R. Oskam and W. den Otter, 1987. Immune reactivity in SL2 lymphoma-bearing mice compared with SL2-immunized mice. Cancer Immunol. Immunother., 24: 25-36.
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  69. Van Benthem, J., I. Ebels, M.G.M. Balemans, A. de Moree and D.R.A. Mans, 1985. The effect of reduced neopterin on the synthesis of several methylated indoles in the pineal gland of adult male golden hamsters, kept under standardized conditions. J. Neural Transm., 62: 137-154.
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  70. Van Benthem, J., D.R.A. Mans, I. Ebels and M.G.M. Balemans, 1985. Rhythmic synthesis of various 5-methoxyindoles in the pineal gland of male adult golden hamsters, kept under the same artificial conditions throughout the year. J. Neural Transm., 61: 219-237.
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  71. Van Benthem, J., D.R.A. Mans, C. Haldar-Misra, I. Ebels and M.G.M. Balemans, 1985. Daily and seasonal rhythmicity in the methylation of pineal indolic compounds in adult male golden hamsters, kept under natural conditions. J. Neural Transm., 64: 295-321.
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  72. Flight, W.F.G., D.R.A. Mans and M.G.M. Balemans, 1983. Methoxyindole synthesis in the retina of the frog (Rana esculenta) during a diurnal period. J. Neural Transm., 58: 223-230.
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  73. Balemans, M.G.M., D.R.A. Mans, I. Smith and J. van Benthem, 1983. The influence of GABA on the synthesis of N-acetylserotonin, melatonin, O-acetyl-5-hydroxytryptophol and O-acetyl-5-methoxy-tryptophol in the pineal gland of the male Wistar rat. Reprod. Nutr. Dev., 23: 151-160.
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